flag of Iraq

Iraq » Key Facts

Location

Middle East.

Area

438,317 sq km (169,235 sq miles).

Population

30,700,000 (2009).

Population Density

70 per sq km.

Capital

Baghdad. Population: 5.7 million (2006 estimate).

Government

Iraqi Transitional Government.

Geography

Iraq shares borders with Turkey, Iran, the Gulf of Oman, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Jordan and the Syrian Arab Republic. There is also a neutral zone between Iraq and Saudi Arabia administered jointly by the two countries. Iraq's portion covers 3,522 sq km (1,360 sq miles). The country's main topographical features are the two rivers, the Euphrates and the Tigris, which flow from the Turkish and Syrian Arab Republic borders in the north to the Gulf in the south. The northeast is mountainous, while the country in the west is arid desert. The land surrounding the two rivers is fertile plain, but the lack of effective irrigation has resulted in flooding and areas of marshland.

Language

80% Arabic (official). Other languages spoken include Kurdish, Persian, Chaldean, Assyrian and Armenian. English is quite widely spoken in urban centres.

In the northern region known as Iraqi Kurdistan, many people, especially younger Kurds, will speak only Kurdish with no Arabic. Although, English is widely spoken in towns.

Religion

Islam. Muslims make up 95% of the population, with considerably more Shiites than Sunni. Others are Christians who belong to various sects, including Chaldeans, Assyrians, Syrian and Roman Catholics, Orthodox Armenians and Jacobites. Other religious minorities are the Yezidis and the Sabaeans, or Mandeans, who are followers of John the Baptist.

Time

GMT + 3 (GMT + 4 from 1 April to 1 October).

Social Conventions

Owing to a long and varied history, Iraq is a culturally rich country. Today, traditional Islamic culture predominates, with Koranic law playing an active role in the day-to-day life of the country, and visitors should be careful to respect this and act accordingly. Visitors should always address their hosts by full name and title. Traditional Arab hospitality is followed as a rule, in accordance with religious law. Conservative and discreet dress should be worn in observance of local Islamic laws.

Social conventions in Iraqi Kurdistan are more flexible. This northern region of Iraq has been semi-autonomous since 1991. Many women wear western fashions and no headscarves.

Photography: There is a need for extreme caution when photographing anything of a sensitive nature. This includes photographs of local people (the Muslim religion does not allow the representation of human or animal images in any form); and, most importantly, any government installations, buildings or indeed anything else that may be considered off-limits to visitors. If in any doubt, do not take a photo.

Electricity

230 volts AC, 50Hz. Various two- and three-pin plugs are in use. Electricity supplies were severely affected in the 2003 conflict and are still unreliable.

Head of Government

Prime Minister Jawad al-Maliki since 2006.

Head of State

President Jalal Talabani since 2005.

Recent History

Since March 2003 when the US-led coalition declared war on Iraq and successfully ousted the regime of Saddam Hussein, the country has been in a period of transition. The transferral of power was finally granted to a new Iraqi government in 2004. Countrywide elections in 2005 appointed a National Assembly, with the majority of seats assigned to the Shia United Iraqi Alliance. This assembly elected a president, Jalal Talabani, who, in turn, designated Ibrahim Jaafari as prime minister. Parliamentary elections took place in December 2005 and following months of political deadlock, Jaafari withdrew his candidature for prime minister in April 2006, making way for Jawad al-Maliki.

Since 2006 Mr Maliki has become increasingly popular with Iraqis. His tough stance in 2008 during negotiations with the United States over security agreements was popular within Iraq and Washington agreed to pull all US troops out of Iraq by the end of 2011. Since then, the Obama administration has set a new date for withdrawal as the end of August 2010. Mr Maliki was also given credit for successful security operations against Shia militias in Baghdad and around Basra in the south.

Disclaimer:

Content in the country guide is updated every 3 months and is to the best of our knowledge accurate and up-to-date. The information contained is intended as a general guide - any opinions or travel advise expressed are not necessarily those of AME Info FZ LLC.

The information is provided in association with Columbus Travel Publishing Limited and my not be republished or reproduced in anyway without the prior written consent by the publisher.

All information made available from within this product is provided without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to, any warranties as to merchantability, non-infringement or fitness for a particular purpose. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from this information.

AME Info FZ LLC or Columbus Travel Publishing Limited shall not be liable for any technical, editorial or typographical or other errors or omissions within the information accessible through this product.

Whilst changes are periodically made to the information herein AMEinfo.com FZ LLC or Columbus Publishing Limited does not warrant that information currently accessible is either up-to-date or accurate.

All product names mentioned herein are subject to the trademarks and/or trademark rights of their respective owners.

3D Animated Flags used in this section is courtesy of www.3DFlags.com

Please contact us if you have any questions or corrections to the content in this section.

Information in this section was last updated: Wed May 23 2012